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| ENTREPRENEURSHIP THROUGH BROILER FARMING OR COMMERCIAL BROILER FARMING | ||||||||||||||||||
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Technical skills required by a poultry entrepreneur: Technical competencies are needed particularly in these areas: 1. Managing inputs, 2. Managing production 3. Managing marketing. 4. Financial Management 5. Labor Management 1.Managing inputs: The farmer-entrepreneur is good at identifying, sourcing and acquiring inputs for the farm. To manage inputs successfully, the farmer needs to know what inputs are required for each enterprise, where to get them and how to use them is also always looking for better quality inputs, lower input prices and more efficient alternatives. 2. Managing production: The entrepreneurial farmer knows the most profitable and sustainable way to produce. Every good farmer will have all the production skills needed to produce a good crop e.g. ploughing , planting, pest control, weed control, harvesting Similarly for poultry farming: rearing, feeding, watering, disease control, correct record keeping for all production activities is mandatory. The entrepreneurial farmer is aware of time – doing things now rather than later. The entrepreneurial farmer is also ready to experiment with alternative production systems. Managing production involves poultry production skills as well as ability to make most of the modern technologies which can help poultry farmers to improve their production processes. 3. Managing marketing: In order to make profits, produce has to be marketed and sold. Poultry-entrepreneurs know where the most profitable market is for each product. They are good at negotiating contracts. Keep records of transactions. They look for more profitable markets. Adapt quickly to market changes and market opportunities Large scale poultry businesses require marketing management skills, market and customer orientation, identifying market opportunities, sales management, customer management; assessing customer needs through dialogue and feedback. 4. Financial management: This involves accountancy and financial skills. Financial Management is important because profit can be determined only if income and costs are accurately recorded. 5. Labor Management: This is important especially as the farm business grows because it will have more employees. This is important for production management, as well as for risk management. Hiring the wrong laborer can quickly change profits into losses This involves determination of job requirements of different types of work, determine cost of labor, recruitment, selection, orientation and training, working with employees, motivating employees and evaluating employees. Avenues of poultry entrepreneurship: Poultry Farms: The poultry farmers can start their own poultry farms with their vast technical knowledge; they can infuse scientific management techniques in their own farms. In the WTO (World Trade Organization) era, GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) and SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary) measures are of great importance for export of poultry commodities, as the emphasis in international trade is on quality and food safety. Further, the veterinarians can extend need based knowledge to the interested poultry farmers for poultry farming. Feed Manufacturer: The interested persons can start their own feed mill units for various poultry species. Commercial feed availability for various unconventional poultry species such as Quail, Emu, Ostrich, etc. are far less than the demand. Manufacturing feed for these species is a niche business as their energy requirement is different from the existing commercially available broiler or layer feed. Poultry feed supplements: The main constraint which hampers the growth of poultry production is the inadequacy of nutritious and balanced feed. To overcome such deficiency in the feed sector, feed supplements like mineral mixtures, vitamin supplements, feed additives, growth promoters, etc. can be effectively used. The enterprises related to manufacturing of such supplements are very inviting and profitable and the poultry entrepreneurs can increase the scale of their income. Farm Equipment manufacturer / Dealer: Numbers of farm equipment are needed for poultry farms. Poultry farmers need debeaker, vaccinator, automatic feeder, waterer, egg candler, weighing scale, etc. Demand for farm equipment increases with the wide adoption of intensive poultry and poultry farming system. The poultry entrepreneurs can either start their own business or they can act as dealer for these equipment. Hatchery: Though starting a hatchery requires higher investment, it offers good return. Value addition of poultry meat: Value addition to the poultry products such as egg and meat has huge profit potential. Value of the products get increased many folds during processing, and thereby provide excellent returns. Interested entrepreneurs can start their own outlets and food corners where they can sale value added chicken meat products like sandwiches, patties, popcorns, soups, burgers, etc. Marketing of such value added products could be done in their own brand name and they can start chain of hotels later. Dealer/manufacturer of equipment required for value addition of poultry meat: The various equipment required for the value addition of poultry meat are meat mincer, bowl chopper, ovens, texture analyzer for quality check, etc. The persons interested in poultry entrepreneurship can either start their own manufacturing units for production of such equipment or can become dealers for different enterprises dealing with such equipment. Farm consultant: Poultry farm consultant is a lucrative avenue. Veterinarians or experienced poultry entrepreneurs with skill and knowledge can earn well in specialized poultry farms, hatchery units, poultry breeding farms, processing units, and can act as feed and poultry healthcare experts. After some years of experience in managing the farms, they can start their own farms independently or with partnerships. Contract Farming: Contract farming is emerging system where the poultry farmers are given all the inputs such as chicks; feed, medicines, technical inputs, etc. Farmers have to rear the chicks and the integrator will take care of the marketing activities. Veterinarians can join together and venture into contract farming. Being technical savvy would help them in getting loans, maintaining farm business and marketing the products. Agents for by products utilization: The poultry feed manufacturers and pharmaceuticals require several ingredients such as bone meal, fish meal, blood meal etc. which they are getting from the agents at contract basis. Here, veterinarians can make interventions. They can make a tie-up and could meet the requirements of feed manufacturers at a reasonable price and also can earn money. Veterinary Pharmaceutical Industry: It is also a lucrative opportunity but needs huge investment. After working some years in the pharmaceutical industry and learning experience, veterinarians can initially start a small one with fewer drugs which can be expanded later to the needs of local farmers. From thereon, they can grow slowly. Private Service provider: Development of poultry farming can open up avenues for mobile poultry breeding and extension services. Poultry breeding (AI), vaccinations, health care, detection of health problems, providing first aid and management of poultry are the services required by farmers at their doorstep. Veterinarians, experienced poultry entrepreneurs as well para-veterinary staff/poultry health workers have huge self-employment opportunities to provide these services. Training institutes for poultry entrepreneurial schemes: 1. IGNOU’s Diploma programme Certificate in Poultry Farming (CPF) Minimum Duration: 6 Months Maximum Duration: 2 Years Course Fee: Rs. 3,000 Minimum Age: No bar Maximum Age: No bar Eligibility: 8th pass This Programme has been developed in collaboration with the IGNOU Regional Centre, Aizawl (Mizoram) and EDNERU. The programme is intended to provide basic knowledge and technical skills in the areas of Poultry Feeding, Housing, Management and Health Care. The Programme also aims to develop human resource in the area of Poultry Farming. The knowledge imparted shall facilitate better management of poultry in scientific lines which in turn will improve their productivity. Poultry Farming has been one of the most important subsidiary occupations of the farming community in India. Poultry Farming is a remunerative business, both in rural and urban areas due to the requirement of small space, low capital investment and quick return throughout the year. It has a significant role in the eradication of malnutrition and poverty as well as eliminating unemployment and under-employment among the rural masses. However, due to lack of modern and updated methods of farming, farmers are practicing their own way, which has been found to be unproductive and not commercially viable. 1. Objectives The main objective of the programme is to:
The art of poultry farming could evolve into a science because man decided to practice it, study the niceties, gain in-depth knowledge of the techniques and document them for future generations. Thus was sown the seed for the Dr. B. V. Rao Institute of Poultry Management and Technology.Set up to impart practical training on scientific lines, this pioneering and one of-its-kind Institute has contributed largely in transforming the poultry sector in India from a backyard activity just a few years ago, into a commercial business, managed professionally.Nestled next to the tiny town of UruliKanchan, near Pune, over an expanse of 46 acres, the Institute was inaugurated on 16th of May 1987. Since then and till date, it has trained over 5300 students from India and abroad. The emphasis in training is on hands-on exposure coupled with sound theoretical knowledge.The Institute is supported by Pune-based Venkateshwara Hatcheries Group, the most integrated Poultry Group in Asia and the leaders in Modern Poultry Farming in India. The students thus have access to additional specialized facilities like large Hatchery, large scale Feed Mill, Diagnostic laboratories, Vaccine and Animal Health Products Division, Egg and Poultry Processing Plant, Poultry Equipment manufacturing plant etc. Specialized Courses (Short Duration)
Diploma Programme (One Year Duration) a. Diploma in Broiler Production Management
EDIs were established by government of states to impart entrepreneurial training to the general public. EDIs run training courses for the management and rearing of poultry for the farmers who have a keen interest in this industry. |
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| Division of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension Education Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, R.S. Pura, SKUAST Jammu | ||||||||||||||||||